{"id":14428,"date":"2013-10-08T16:05:03","date_gmt":"2013-10-08T14:05:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.secretolivo.com\/?p=14428"},"modified":"2025-03-09T18:43:30","modified_gmt":"2025-03-09T17:43:30","slug":"el-planeta-primer-cantaor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/secretolivo.com\/index.php\/2013\/10\/08\/el-planeta-primer-cantaor\/","title":{"rendered":"El Planeta"},"content":{"rendered":"

El Planeta<\/h2>\n

A la luna le p\u00edo,<\/em>
\n la del alto cielo.<\/em>
\n C\u00f3mo le p\u00edo, le p\u00edo,<\/em>
\n que me saque a mi pare<\/em>
\n de donde est\u00e1 met\u00edo.<\/em><\/p>\n

No sabemos\u00a0quien fue el primer flamenco, seguramente fuera mujer, pero lo que s\u00ed conocemos es la historia de El Planeta,\u00a0el primer cantaor flamenco del que se tiene constancia escrita.<\/p>\n

El escritor malague\u00f1o Seraf\u00edn Est\u00e9banez Calder\u00f3n, aka\u00a0El Solitario, <\/em>costumbrista y rom\u00e1ntico nos habla de El Planeta en dos de los episodios de\u00a0Esencias Andaluzas<\/em>\u00a0(Madrid, 1846); Un baile de Triana<\/em> (p\u00e1g 203) y, m\u00e1s detallado, en Asamblea General<\/em> (p\u00e1g. 258), relatando en la primera parte una fiesta en la calle Castilla en 1838. El Planeta es uno de los pocos cantaores incluidos en la lista que Juanelo<\/em> proporcion\u00f3 a Dem\u00f3filo, padre de los hermanos Machado.<\/p>\n

El Planeta se llamaba\u00a0Antonio Monge Rivero\u00a0y naci\u00f3 en C\u00e1diz el 8 de abril de 1790, un gaditano que se hizo cantaor durante la Guerra de la Independencia, por entonces estaba en la fragua, despu\u00e9s se cas\u00f3 con la hija de un carnicero y acab\u00f3 llevando el negocio en la Calle San Juan, ya en M\u00e1laga, donde muri\u00f3 el d\u00eda 30 de septiembre de 1856.<\/p>\n

El Solitario<\/em> lo describe como un patriarca con ricas vestimentas y delicados adornos, un gitano bien parecido y de imponente presencia esc\u00e9nica. Siempre que lo nombra lo hace con\u00a0enorme respeto;\u00a0Se\u00f1or Planeta<\/em> o Conde y Pr\u00edncipe de la Cofrad\u00eda<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u00abEntramos a punto en que El Planeta, veterano cantador, y de gran estilo, seg\u00fan los inteligentes, principiaba un romance o corrida despu\u00e9s de un preludio de la vihuela y dos bandolines, que formaban lo principal de la orquesta, y comenz\u00f3 aquellos trinos penetrantes de la prima, sostenidos con aquellos dejos melanc\u00f3licos del bord\u00f3n, compaseado todo por una manera grave y solemne, y de vez en cuando, como para llevar mejor la medida, dando el inteligente tocador unos blandos golpes en el traste del instrumento, particularidad que aumenta la atenci\u00f3n trist\u00edsima del auditorio. Comenz\u00f3 el cantador por un prolongado suspiro, y despu\u00e9s de una brev\u00edsima pausa, dijo el siguiente lind\u00edsimo romance, del conde del Sol, que por su sencillez y sabor a lo antiguo, bien demuestra el tiempo a que debe el ser\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n

\"El

Los \u00fanicos documentos gr\u00e1ficos que existen sobre El Planeta<\/em>\u00a0son las ilustraciones dibujadas para Esencias Andaluzas<\/em> por el portuense Francisco Lameyer y Berenguer en 1846, cuando contaba 21 a\u00f1os, una d\u00e9cada antes de morir el cantaor. Seguramente le llegar\u00e1 a ver algunos a\u00f1os antes, cuando estaba en su mejor \u00e9poca.<\/p>\n

En 2011 Manuel Boh\u00f3rquez dej\u00f3 la cr\u00edtica flamenca por un tiempo y tuvo a bien publicar una detallada investigaci\u00f3n geneal\u00f3gica sobre el origen de este cantaor partiendo del testimonio del mismo Manolo Caracol, que siempre asegur\u00f3 ser tataranieto de El Planeta. Pocos le cre\u00edan. Escarbando, Boh\u00f3rquez descubri\u00f3 no solo esto sino tambi\u00e9n que Rafael Ortega, Carlota Ortega y Enrique el Almendro<\/em> eran a su vez biznietos del gaditano.<\/p>\n

Amigo y maestro de El Fillo, hay quien cree que algunos de los cantes que han perdurado a trav\u00e9s de \u00e9ste, son en realidad de El Planeta. Seraf\u00edn Est\u00e9banez lo califica como \u00abrey de los dos polos<\/em>\u00bb y algo parecido pensaba Manolo Caracol de su tatarabuelo afirmando en 1968 que El Planeta hab\u00eda sacado el polo, que se cantaba sin acompa\u00f1amiento musical, y entre los cantes de su repertorio pod\u00edamos encontrar la ca\u00f1a, la serrana y la siguiriya.<\/p>\n

Su siguiriya, con la que abrimos el texto, es la m\u00e1s antigua que conocemos y m\u00e1s que carcelaria es una copla f\u00fanebre que Mairena conoci\u00f3 gracias a Pepe Torres, hermano de Manuel, el primero que la grab\u00f3 junto al toque de\u00a0Melchor de Marchena en Antolog\u00eda del Cante Flamenco (Columbia).<\/em>\u00a0 El padre de ambos, Juan Soto Montero se la lleg\u00f3 a escuchar al mismo Planeta<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
\n

\"cantaor

\"Ilustraci\u00f3n

El Planeta A la luna le p\u00edo, la del alto cielo. C\u00f3mo le p\u00edo, le p\u00edo, que me saque a mi pare de donde est\u00e1 met\u00edo. No sabemos\u00a0quien fue el primer flamenco, seguramente fuera mujer, pero lo que s\u00ed conocemos es la historia de El Planeta,\u00a0el primer cantaor flamenco del que se tiene constancia escrita. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":14439,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":{"twitter_110259021_110259021":"","facebook_10161195029382589_105883812788025":""},"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[3795],"tags":[9533,3801,3800,3793,3804,17,2755,2756,3802,5576,8828,2634],"class_list":["post-14428","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-letras-flamencas","tag-agnes","tag-demofilo","tag-el-fillo","tag-el-planeta","tag-enrique-el-almendro","tag-flamenco","tag-manolo-caracol","tag-melchor-de-marchena","tag-pepe-torre","tag-primer-cantaor-flamenco","tag-secretolivo-cultura-andaluza-contemporanea","tag-triana"],"yoast_head":"\nEl 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